NISS: Portugal Social Security Number

What is a NISS?

The Número de Identificação da Segurança Social, or NISS, is the identification number used in Portugal’s Social Security system. It allows individuals to access Social Security rights and to meet contribution-related obligations.

Who can request a NISS?

Foreign citizens can request a NISS. Portuguese official guidance also allows legal representatives to request it on behalf of a foreign citizen, and employers can request it for a foreign worker they are hiring when the required employment relationship has been established and communicated through Social Security channels.

Online application

The current gov.pt service states that foreign citizens can request a NISS online. The required documentation depends on the applicant’s circumstances and includes identification and evidence connected with legal status or professional activity where applicable.

Why workers need it

The NISS is used for contribution records and access to Social Security services and benefits. Employees should make sure the employer has the correct number and that the employment relationship is properly registered.

Self-employed people

People starting independent professional activity should also understand their Social Security obligations. Registration, contribution periods and exemptions can differ from those applying to employees.

Combined service for some foreign residents

Eligible foreign residents with a Portuguese address can currently request NIF, NISS and the SNS user number together at selected Espaços Cidadão. Because the programme and locations may change, check the current official page before visiting.